Annual Report of Research Activities 2023-2025

 

RMC Saint‑Jean at a Glance

Founded in 1952, the Royal Military College Saint-Jean’s mission is to educate duly selected Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members in order to instill them with the competencies required to maintain excellence in the profession of arms.

To educate and inspire bilingual, ethical leaders ready to serve in the CAF, RMC Saint-Jean offers an undergraduate program in International Studies that integrates military training, language teaching, and physical fitness. The College also provides a pre-university program in sciences as well as in social sciences.

RMC Saint-Jean relies on the expertise of a highly qualified faculty, both to fulfill its educational mission and to conduct research.

RMC Saint-Jean offers an undergraduate program in International Studies that integrates military training, language teaching, and physical fitness. The College also provides a pre-university program in sciences as well as in social sciences.

Research Directions

Message from the Commandant

Guillaume Tremblay

Colonel

 

It is with great pride that I present the Royal Military College Saint-Jean (RMC Saint-Jean) Research Activities Annual Report for 2023–2025.

In an international context marked by unprecedented security complexity and multidimensional challenges, the academic research conducted by RMC Saint-Jean’s faculty represents a strategic asset for the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). It directly supports the intellectual preparation of our naval and officer cadets—future leaders who must navigate an operational environment that demands analytical capacity, critical judgment, and continuous adaptability.

The restoration of university status has created remarkable momentum. Our faculty have seized this opportunity with rigour and determination, positioning RMC Saint-Jean as a recognized centre of expertise, particularly in the fields of international and security studies. Their scholarly contributions enrich not only the Canadian academic landscape but also support government decision‑makers and global organizations, while informing strategic thinking within National Defence.

The mission of RMC Saint-Jean rests on a vital balance: training competent officers while cultivating their critical thinking and analytical skills. Academic research is the primary vehicle for achieving this dual ambition.

Thanks to the exceptional work of our researchers, our naval and officer cadets benefit from teaching grounded in the most current knowledge and are introduced to the rigorous methods of academic inquiry.

This exposure to scientific methodology fosters the intellectual autonomy and curiosity that will accompany them throughout their careers as officers.

In this regard, the annual Leadersphere Conference has become a flagship event for RMC Saint-Jean. It explores major leadership challenges facing Canada in an evolving international context. Its recent editions—“Global and Regional Repercussions of War in Ukraine” (2024) and “Turbulence: Canada in the midst of the climate crisis” (2025), the latter co‑organized with the NATO Centre of Excellence on Climate Change and Security—have brought together academic expertise and practitioner insight to illuminate these contemporary critical issues.

Finally, I wish to acknowledge the dedication of the entire team at the Office of the Dean of Research, the Centre for Security and Crisis Governance (CRITIC), the Research Ethics Board, and our institutional partners. Together, you contribute to making the Royal Military College Saint-Jean a military academy of excellence, where free and rigorous research supports the preparation of tomorrow’s leaders.

Colonel Guillaume Tremblay, CD
Commandant, Royal Military College Saint-Jean

Message from the Academic Director

Danic Parenteau

Director

 

The educational mission of the Royal Military College Saint-Jean is grounded in the maintenance of cutting‑edge expertise provided by faculty responsible for developing the intellectual foundations of future officers of the Canadian Armed Forces. In today’s geopolitical environment—marked by complexity, uncertainty, and the emergence of new threats to the international order—this mission is more essential than ever. In the exercise of their professional responsibilities, whether in command positions or on staff, these future officers will need to draw upon intellectual resources and analytical and synthetic capacities that are crucial for navigating this unprecedented security landscape.

Accordingly, introducing naval and officer cadets to academic research, mobilizing the most up‑to‑date knowledge to deliver relevant academic programs, and fostering their intellectual curiosity through participation in scholarly events lie at the heart of RMC Saint‑Jean’s educational mission.

Supported by an Academic Freedom Policy, the Canadian Defence Academy Research Programme, and external funding sources, RMC Saint‑Jean’s researchers benefit from an environment that enables them to contribute to this centre of academic expertise at the core of contemporary challenges facing the Canadian Armed Forces.

Since the restoration of its university status just three years ago, RMC Saint‑Jean has succeeded in carving out a unique place within the Quebec and Canadian university landscape, thanks to the scholarly contributions of its researchers — particularly in the multidisciplinary field of international studies.

This report on the state of research at RMC Saint‑Jean reflects the richness of this scholarly output.

Professor Danic Parenteau, PhD
Acting Academic Director

 

Message from the Dean of Research

Anne Caumartin

Dean

 

At the beginning of my term as Dean of Research in January 2024, I observed that several important milestones had already been put in place by my predecessors to create a research supportive environment at RMC Saint-Jean: the Strategic Research Plan (2024–2029) had recently been adopted, as had the Academic Freedom Policy and the Ethics Policy for Research Involving Human Participants.

My mandate, for its part, would focus on establishing a research culture—meaning that our military university, the youngest university in Quebec, would now be a place where research is clearly understood as a key element contributing to the development of our naval (NCdt) and officer cadets (OCdt) students at the undergraduate level, and where every effort is made to ensure that our researchers see their projects make significant contributions to the scholarly community.

RMC Saint-Jean continues to demonstrate remarkable research dynamism despite its small size.

Our professors have earned recognition from major federal and provincial funding agencies through the support awarded to their research projects. Many serve on editorial boards of scholarly journals and share their expertise with national and international organizations, as well as on media platforms. The Office of the Dean of Research supports their initiatives by establishing agreements and collaborations with various institutions to ensure that their work develops and gains visibility as effectively as possible, while upholding the policies essential to the proper functioning of academic life.

Our undergraduate NCdt/OCdt students have also been active in research. Many have taken part in international events, whether by contributing to the organization of a conference or by presenting a scholarly paper.

The 2024–2025 academic year was marked by the first awards from the Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ) granted to six undergraduate NCdt/OCdt students in International Studies at RMC Saint-Jean. It is with genuine satisfaction that we see them becoming familiar with the demands of research and nurturing their intellectual curiosity.

I would like to conclude by highlighting—through congratulations interwoven with gratitude—the work of all those who bring research to life at RMC Saint-Jean. I think of our professors and of the entire library team who guide our NCdt/OCdt through their first steps in research.

I think of the members of the Centre for Security and Crisis Governance (CRITIC), who develop outstanding work on national and international security and who, through their research, bring numerous activities to campus to engage the entire RMC Saint-Jean community with current issues.

I think of all those who serve on essential working groups such as the Research Ethics Board, the Research and Graduate Studies Committee, the Academic Freedom Committee, and the University Governance Committee; you are indispensable to the functioning of academic research.

Finally, I wish to acknowledge the members of the Office of the Dean of Research, with whom it is a privilege to work every day. Christian, Elyse, Rosemarie, Sana, and Yuliya, as well as Julien and his team—through your intelligence, creativity, and professionalism, you advance the mission of RMC Saint-Jean by supporting research.

Professor Anne Caumartin, PhD
Dean of Research

 

Office of the Dean of Research

Since the reinstatement of university status in 2021, the Dean’s Office has developed RMC Saint-Jean’s first Strategic Research Plan (2024–2029), with the support of the Research and Graduate Studies Committee, which provides guidance on issues related to scientific research and institutional development.

To meet legal requirements regarding responsible conduct of research, several policies have been updated (Policy on Research Integrity, the Ethics Policy for Research Involving Human Participants, and the Policy on Academic Freedom), as part of the institution’s role within the Bureau de coopération interuniversitaire (BCI) and as the managing institution for Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ) grants. This work reflects a commitment to strengthening the research culture, illustrated by the implementation of the FRQ Undergraduate Research Initiation Scholarship Program, through which six naval and officer cadets completed a research internship under the supervision of RMC Saint-Jean faculty members.

In Winter 2025, the Senate Committee on Governance brought together leaders from UQAM, ÉNAP, and Bishop’s University to reflect on governance practices suited to the realities of small universities. The roundtable provided an opportunity to share management experiences in contexts of growth and transformation, with an emphasis on agile, collaborative, and inclusive approaches.

The Office of the Dean of Research actively supports the activities of the Centre for Security and Crisis Governance (CRITIC) and contributes to its development, notably through the strengthening of the Research and Valorization Office.

Research and Valorization Office

The arrival of an Events Coordination Officer within the Office of Research has made it possible to consolidate several structuring initiatives in support of the development of university research. In alignment with its strategic directions, the Office has continued its efforts to strengthen the College’s recognition as a military university, notably by expanding the range of services offered to researchers and enhancing the visibility of scientific activities.

The dissemination of bilingual newsletters, the creation of a publications showcase, an increased presence on social media, and the organization of events such as the CRITIC Lecture Series, the Canadian Undergraduate Security Conference, the “Brown Bag Lunch” Talk Series, and a series of activities surrounding the U.S. presidential elections have all contributed to the growth of a research culture within the community.

Scientific Careers on the Rise

Marina Sharpe, DPhil

is promoted to Associate Professor.

André Simonyi, PhD

is promoted to Associate Professor.

Mulry Mondélice, PhD

is promoted to Associate Professor.

Chantal Lavallée, PhD

is promoted to Associate Professor.

Anne Caumartin, PhD

is promoted to Full Professor.

Danic Parenteau, PhD

is promoted to Full Professor.

After a career marked by sustained commitment to the Canadian Military Colleges, Professor Roch Legault, PhD., is granted the status of Associate Professor in recognition of his remarkable contributions to research and teaching at RMC Saint-Jean.

A historian specializing in Canadian military history and international relations, his work explores the evolving dynamics of military institutions through the teaching of strategy, operational doctrines, and the organizational culture of armed forces. He is also interested in the connections between memory, history, and contemporary defence practices.

Research Highlights

Research Award

Funded by the Corporation du Fort Saint-Jean, this new award highlights the efforts and initiatives that help foster a genuine research culture within the Royal Military College Saint-Jean community. It aims to recognize a member of the Academic Wing whose contribution to research—marked by creativity, innovation, professionalism, and enthusiasm—has had a significant impact on naval and officer cadets.

The Research Award acknowledges the commitment of an individual who, over the academic year, has enabled students to deepen their understanding and appreciation of research as an essential component of university life and of the quality of education offered at RMC Saint-Jean.

Recipients

2025

Professor Chantal Lavallée, PhD.

2024

Professor Yann Breault, PhD.

Training the Next Generation of Researchers

Each year, the faculty at RMC Saint-Jean engage actively in teaching. Many of them supervise a growing number of master’s and doctoral students from universities in Quebec and abroad. Between 2023 and 2025, they co-supervised seven graduate students.

Thanks to a $30,000 grant from the Fonds de recherche du Québec’s Undergraduate Research Initiation Scholarship Program, six officer cadets (OCdt) were able to complete research internships under the supervision of members of our faculty:

These 2024–2025 award recipients benefited from the expertise of RMC Saint-Jean’s faculty as they carried out their research projects, deepened their understanding of international conflicts, and developed the cross cutting skills essential to their future careers as officers in the Canadian Armed Forces. During their internships, they contributed to the organization of the 2025 Canadian Undergraduate Security Conference and presented academic papers.

Through their intellectual rigour and curiosity, these young researchers in international studies enrich the academic life of the College and play an active role in fostering a research culture grounded in critical thinking, innovation, and leadership. Exploring new perspectives strengthens their education and prepares them to meet tomorrow’s challenges, particularly in problem solving and decision making in complex environments.

Fundamental Research at RMC Saint-Jean

The researchers at the College lead projects that reflect the richness and diversity of their expertise. Their current work aligns with these priority research and training interests—broad and non-exhaustive—offering an overview of the research conducted at RMC Saint-Jean in recent years^{Footnote 1} :

The research projects presented below contribute to advancing knowledge in areas that are strategic for society and for the Canadian Armed Forces.

Optimizing physical preparedness in military personnel: blood flow restriction and performance

This research examines the effects of blood flow restriction during low-intensity physical activity. The aim of the project is to identify potential solutions to help reduce the number of Canadian Armed (CAF) members who are overweight, obese, or affected by muscular injuries. The findings could help decrease the number of non-deployable personnel—that is, those unable to participate in operational missions due to physical limitations [Gawiyou Danialou, Canadian Defence Academy Research Program (CDARP), 2023-2025].

Rethinking migration in Canada after COVID 19: toward sustainable governance grounded in international law

This project aims to develop a reflection on migration within Canada’s foreign policy and on the potential use of international law to build improved governance of international migration through the creation of the concept of sustainable migration management. Led by Professor Olivier Delas (Université Laval), the research team brings together Professor Mulry Mondélice (RMC Saint-Jean), Professor Ndeye Dieynaba Ndiaye (Université du Québec à Montréal), as well as about ten collaborators from Quebec, Europe, the Caribbean, and Africa [Mulry Mondélice, co-investigator, project “Penser le Canada et les migrations internationales dans un monde post-Covid : d’une approche par crise à une gestion durable par la réalisation d’une gouvernance mondiale fondée sur le droit international”, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of (SSHRC)—Insight, 2022–2028].

Synthesis and characterization of conductive latexes for their application as stealth coatings

This research focuses on the effects of incorporating conductive polymers into latex based paints that could be applied to the surface of certain aircraft to make them stealth—meaning undetectable by radar waves. Ultimately, it may be possible to identify conductive polymers that, when present in these latexes, can absorb radar waves and dissipate them as heat. Since the waves would no longer be re emitted, the aircraft would remain undetected by radar systems. These conductive latexes could also have other applications, such as dissipating static electricity in sensitive environments like explosives manufacturing facilities [Laurence Piché, CDARP and Hydro-Québec, 2021–2023].

Military justice in Western Europe and North America (14^th–20^th centuries)

Through the analysis of military justice, this project examines the complex and often ambiguous relationships between armed forces and civilian societies. It explores how, and to what extent, the emergence of legal systems specific to the military contributed to shaping armies as microsocieties in Western Europe and North America between the 14^th and 20^th centuries. Its originality lies in its focus on military justice as a space and moment for resolving conflicts—an angle that sheds light on the social and political challenges faced by armed forces: evolving missions, the rise of international law, or the use of private military companies. Its relevance stems from the carefully selected case studies explored by the collaborators, the adoption of shared interdisciplinary methods and tools, the interplay of chronological, spatial, and human scales, as well as concrete collaborations with museum and professional communities. The project offers a historical perspective on current debates and concerns among political and military authorities, heightened by the ongoing war in Ukraine and the public attention surrounding sexual and racial violence committed by soldiers both within and outside the military [Roch Legault, co-investigator, project “Justice militaire en Europe occidentale et en Amérique du Nord (XIV-XX^e siècle)“, Benjamin Deruelle, principal investigator, Department of National Defence—MINDS Research Initiative, 2022-2023 / SSHRC—Insight, 2022-2027].

Anticipating and adapting defence practices to current environmental challenges

The project “Foresight: Planning for Low Carbon Warfare” explores the futures of warfare and military organizations in light of the socio technological transformations associated with climate change, such as the strengthening of net zero emissions targets in response to the worsening climate crisis [Bruno Charbonneau, principal investigator, NATO Chief Scientist Grants programme, NATO Science and Technology Organisation].

Rethinking human life in the era of contemporary mobilizations: ethical and literary transformations

The #MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter movements have profoundly reshaped the ways in which French and Quebec literature represent individual lives. These mobilizations—social, ethical, and political—shift earlier literary concerns centred on the historical traumas of the twentieth century toward a renewed focus on the value, singularity, and conditions of human life today. The research project involves identifying and analyzing a corpus of documentary fictions published since 2010—novels, essays, and autofictions—that depict “particular lives,” with the aim of uncovering a contemporary ethical imaginary. Building on these analyses, the project seeks to produce a literary essay that reflects, through the act of creation itself, on what it means to “bring a life into being” in literature. Drawing on philosophical reflections such as Agamben’s work on the contemporary, the project examines how literature—caught between immersion in current events and critical distance—can illuminate what constitutes a human life today, including its markers, spaces, and value. This approach aims to renew the tools of literary studies for thinking about the present [Anne Caumartin, co-investigator, project “Qu’est-ce qu’une vie humaine, désormais ? Écritures contemporaines”, Sarah Rocheville, principal investigator, SSHRC—Insight, 2021-2024].

Modeling and simulation of molecular motor motility

During their deployments around the world for various assigned missions, CAF soldiers are often exposed to high levels of stress and tension. Elevated stress can negatively affect the molecular motors within our cells and, over the long term, contribute to degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Through modelling and simulation, this project seeks to develop an in depth understanding of molecular motor motility in order to identify structural targets that could modulate their functions and ultimately improve the treatment of certain diseases [Rodrigue Kéou, CDARP, 2024–2027].

A new space for civil–military cooperation

Threat or opportunity? Whichever it may be, the emerging era of drones—whose development has accelerated significantly in recent years—raises numerous questions regarding their use, particularly in terms of security, personal data protection, and accountability. This represents a major challenge for states seeking ways to regulate and oversee this rapidly expanding sector. The DronesCivMil research project, led by Professor Lavallée, addresses these issues by focusing on the civil–military dimension of integrating drones into the European Single Sky. It analyzes the convergence between the European Commission’s initiatives on civilian drones and those of the European Defence Agency (EDA) and NATO concerning military drones [Chantal Lavallée, project “L’intégration des drones dans le Ciel unique européen : un nouvel espace de coopération civile-militaire (DronesCivMil)”, Internal Funding—Start-Up].

Humanitarian action in international law

Humanitarian action is the work of saving lives, alleviating suffering and maintaining human dignity in the face of man-made crises, such as armed conflict, and natural and unnatural disasters, such as earthquakes and severe weather events. In practice, humanitarian action is delivered via assistance (material and medical relief) and protection, which refers to all activities aimed at ensuring respect for affected individuals’ rights. There are many challenges to humanitarian action, such as access and expanding demand alongside contracting budgets. A major challenge squarely within the purview of scholarship is that humanitarian action is governed by a body of law that has yet to be fully articulated. At least six regimes of public international law—international human rights, refugee, disaster response and criminal law, as well as the law of armed conflict and the law of the sea—speak directly or indirectly to humanitarian action, yet there is no complete analysis of international law as it relates to humanitarian action. This research will fill this gap by producing the first monograph to systematize and articulate the currently fragmented body of legal knowledge on humanitarian action [Marina Sharpe, project “Governed by good intentions? Enhancing the rule of law in international humanitarian action”, SSHRC—Insight, 2022-2027 / CDARP, 2023-2025].

Applying machine learning to the discovery of molecular electronic devices

This research project develops a machine learning algorithm capable of exploring the chemical space of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Building on Weiss’s advances, it aims to identify new molecular conductors for future applications. To achieve this, it relies on a database enriched with conductance data (PAH based molecular conductors) to train a generative machine learning model inspired by the GaUDI method. This model is used to predict molecular structures with the desired conductive properties and could support the development of innovative materials in molecular electronics [Alexandre Giguère, CDARP, 2024–2025].

The intellectual training of officers in contemporary Western military academies

Multidisciplinary in its approach, this research takes the form of a fundamental reflection on the integration of intellectual competencies—such as cultural intelligence, critical thinking, and general knowledge—into officer training. Its aim is to respond to the new demands arising from the evolving operational and strategic environment in which today’s Western armed forces operate [Danic Parenteau, CDARP, 2023–2025].

Thinking and acting for peace in Quebec

This multidisciplinary research project (history, political science, sociology, religious studies) aims to develop the conceptual and historiographical foundations needed to think about and act for peace in Quebec. How can we make coherent the relationship—sometimes distant, sometimes situational, sometimes more emotional—that Quebec society maintains with the idea of peace? The project seeks to analyze, in synergy and over the long term, the multiple forms of rejection of violence experienced in Quebec—rejection described as pacifism, antimilitarism, or anti imperialism, but which has also been interpreted as passivity or indifference. These questions are more relevant given that the historiography of Quebec pacifism is nearly nonexistent, in part because of the multifaceted nature of peace related engagement. Yet this engagement can be understood, to use Mauss’s expression, as a “total social fact” that links the individual and the collective, as well as the social, political, and cultural spheres [Béatrice Richard, co investigator, project “Penser et agir pour la paix au Québec”, Carl Bouchard, principal investigator, SSHRC—Insight, 2022–2027].

Climate security and mathematical modeling of energy systems

Denis Lavigne is the principal investigator of a project funded through a CDARP grant to conduct research on the mathematical modelling of energy systems in the context of long term greenhouse gas emission reductions. His work aims to advance the use of open source tools that can support this type of modelling, particularly in North America [Denis Lavigne, CDARP, 2023–2025].

The role of drones in the evolution of security

To what extent does the integration—or even proliferation—of drones into the civil airspace of Europe and Norway transform the sociotechnical imaginary, that is, the vision of technological development as a common good, the conceptualization of security within this three dimensional space, and the existing regulatory frameworks designed to ensure safety, security, and privacy standards? [Chantal Lavallée, associate researcher, Projet RegulAIR—Research Council of Norway / Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), 2021-2024].

Political violence and complexity

From the war on terror to cyber-attacks, interference in electoral processes, and economic influence operations, global society finds itself in a state of constant exception. By analyzing the ruptures and reorganization of the guiding principles that shape the conduct of political violence, this project uses political violence as a conceptual lens through which to capture systemic change and articulate a differentiated understanding of the international and the global. Integrated into the project is the creation of an observatory on grey zone conflicts worldwide [André Simonyi, CDARP, 2023-2025].

Information in quantum states and processes: a resource for new materials, machine learning, and secure communications

This project examines the capacity of quantum matter to store and transform information. These capabilities can be leveraged for technological applications—universal quantum computing, quantum machine learning, and secure communications—as well as for characterizing the states of quantum matter. The project is part of a broader program aimed at producing quantum materials with novel properties and manipulating quantum systems to create simulators that can be universally applied to model based sciences (physics, climate science, digital epidemiology, etc.) [Christian Boudreault, CDARP, 2024–2025].

Preventing far right radicalization: discourse analysis and tool development for police and educational settings

This project undertakes applied research and training on the far right by analyzing the discourse circulated in traditional and social media by far right activists in Quebec, combined with field investigations involving groups and activists associated with the far right. Training sessions for police officers will help strengthen the effectiveness of interventions on the ground. The project also aims to equip young people—the primary target of extremist groups—to recognize and resist far right discourse through a training program designed for secondary and post secondary institutions in Montérégie [Marc Imbeault, co-investigator, project “L’extrême-droite au Québec : acteurs, idéologies et prévention”, Martin Goeffroy, principal investigator, Community Resilience Fund, Public Safety Canada, 2019-2024].

Who needs a border wall? Walled frontiers and lines of crisis

Building on more than a decade of research on border walls at both national and international levels, this project seeks to reassess the dynamics of border fortification by moving beyond classical approaches and focusing instead on processes of desecuritization in a context marked by geopolitical tensions, climate change, the expansion of AI driven technologies and data systems, shifting migration patterns, and the rise of populism. To examine new mechanisms of control, the media representations and narratives that legitimize these security infrastructures, and their social impacts, the project brings together researchers, activists, and policymakers to form an inclusive, multidisciplinary network dedicated to rethinking border justice [Élisabeth Vallet, principal investigator, SSHRC Connection, 2024 / Mobilizing Insights in Defence and Security (MINDS), 2023-2025].

EU–NATO–Canada: toward the emergence of a transatlantic technology ecosystem

This research project seeks to identify the forms of cooperation between the European Union (EU) and NATO in the field of emerging technologies, as well as Canada’s position within this landscape. In recent years, both the EU–NATO strategic partnership and the Canada–EU partnership have been strengthened and expanded to include new sectors, notably technology and innovation. It is therefore timely to examine the visions and initiatives on both sides of the Atlantic, to identify the cooperation framework, new mechanisms and instruments, key actors, and targeted domains, and to analyze the related issues and challenges in order to better understand the emerging transatlantic technology ecosystem [Chantal Lavallée, CDARP, 2024-2025].

Strengthening the coherence of Canada’s humanitarian response to natural disasters through a human rights–based legal framework

The development and application of the law governing natural disasters pose significant challenges for governments and other state and non state actors, as states’ international obligations across various areas of international law—as well as those arising from their constitutional frameworks—create duties they must uphold to protect, among other things, the life and security of individuals under their jurisdiction. How, then, and to what extent can international and domestic human rights law be understood coherently in order to strengthen Canada’s practical response to natural disasters? Focusing on Canada’s response to natural disasters domestically and on its humanitarian cooperation with the European Union and the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency, this study seeks to develop an analytical framework grounded in human rights law to support greater coherence in practice [Mulry Mondélice, CDARP, 2025–2028].

Canadian defence and security in the grey zone

This research examines the development of new conceptual and operational frameworks for security systems operating in an increasingly complex and rapidly changing world. It seeks to analyze the (re)configuration of Canadian defence and security in a transforming global environment, taking into account the evolution of grey zone conflicts, emerging threats (in the cyber and information domains), the broadening of security concerns (societal, environmental, economic), and growing ideological polarization worldwide. The project aims to establish the foundations of Canada’s defence and security posture [André Simonyi, CDARP, 2023–2027].

Centre for Security and Crisis Governance (CRITIC)

Created on the foundations of the International Centre for the Study of the Profession of Arms, the CRITIC has, since 2020, brought together around twenty researchers from the College and other universities across six research groups exploring a range of themes: climate security, emerging technologies, war studies, diplomacy and international law, gender and international studies, and the history of war and strategy.

The Centre pursues the following objectives:

CRITIC Lecture Series

At the heart of its mission, the CRITIC offers a lecture series led by international experts—scholars, diplomats, journalists, scientists, and others—open to the entire RMC Saint-Jean community and beyond. These events provide opportunities for discussion and debate on contemporary issues, enriching the academic life of the College and contributing to the development of a university culture grounded in excellence in research and teaching. They directly support the International Studies program, benefiting both officer cadets and non-commissioned members.

After five years of activity, the CRITIC has become a key player in research and knowledge advancement at RMC Saint-Jean. It contributes to building an academic culture that promotes excellence in research and teaching, in support of the College’s mission to train officer cadets. Among its activities, the CRITIC offers a lecture series featuring international experts, open to the entire RMC Saint-Jean community and focused on current issues.

 

Among its major collaborations for the 2023–2025 period, the Centre continued its support for the Canadian Undergraduate Security Conference, in partnership with Bishop’s University and the Royal Military College of Canada. The CRITIC also collaborated with Carnegie Europe and the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) in organizing a public event and an expert roundtable on Governing Emerging and Disruptive Technologies: The EU’s Approach Between AI and Drones, held on 7–8 March 2024 at Carnegie Europe in Brussels. The International Law and Diplomacy research group is one of the partners involved in the annual organization of the École d’automne sur l’Union européenne of the Chaire Jean Monnet en integration européenne at Université Laval. Finally, the lecture by Jessica Dorsey, Proportionality under Pressure: The Effects of AI on Targeting, organized by the Emerging Technologies Governance research group, provided an opportunity to collaborate with the Observatoire des conflits multidimensionnels of the Chaire Raoul-Dandurand at UQAM, on 27 March 2025.

The CRITIC is poised to play an increasingly prominent role on issues of security and crisis management. In this regard, significant partnerships and ambitious projects have been launched, notably with the NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence (Montreal), the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), and Carnegie Europe, as well as with the Programme Personnalités d’Avenir France-Canada sur les enjeux de défense et de diplomatie (Forum de défense et de stratégie, Association France-Canada). These efforts will be structuring for research at RMC Saint-Jean and for the development of the emerging academic program in climate security. In this sense, the CRITIC is proud to contribute to the visibility and recognition of RMC Saint-Jean as a university, to the value and quality of the degrees it offers, to the recruitment of future officer cadets, and to the strengthening of the capabilities of the Canadian Armed Forces.

Professor Chantal Lavallée, PhD.

• Director
  (July 1, 2024 - June 30, 2025)
• Acting Director
  (July 1, 2023 - June 30, 2024)

Professor Bruno Charbonneau, PhD.

• Director and Founder
  (2020-2023)

Research Group CRITIC

Partnership activities CRITIC

Roundtable “Academic Freedom in a Military University Environment”

As part of RMC Saint-Jean’s return to university status, the roundtable “Academic Freedom in a Military University Environment” was held on 16 May 2023. Organized in collaboration with the Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en enseignement supérieur (LIRES) at the Université de Montréal, and with the involvement of Roch Legault and Mourad Djebabla (RMC Saint-Jean), co-leads of the CRITIC War and Strategy History research group, the event helped lay the groundwork for the development of a Policy on Academic Freedom (2023) at the College, following the adoption of the Loi sur la liberté académique dans le milieu universitaire (2022).

Panel “From AI to Drones: Governing Technology in an Age of Geopolitical Competition”

In collaboration with the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) and Carnegie Europe, Chantal Lavallée (RMC Saint-Jean) and Raluca Csernatoni (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), co leads of the CRITIC Emerging Technologies Governance research group, co organized and participated in the panel “From AI to Drones: Governing Technology in an Age of Geopolitical Competition.” The panel took place as part of the conference “Governing Emerging and Disruptive Technologies: The EU’s Approach Between AI and Drones”, held on 7 March 2024 in Brussels.

Workshop “Designing in Crisis: Promises and Limits in the Shadows of Ukraine and October 7^th”

On 26 March 2024, the workshop “Designing in Crisis: Promises and Limits in the Shadows of Ukraine and October 7^th” brought together 18 professionals and researchers from Canada’s defence and national security sector, along with NATO partners. Initiated jointly by Archipelago of Design and Robert Lummack (Non-Commissioned Member Leadership College and co-ead of the CRITIC War Studies and Critical Design research group), the event also resulted in a report available here.

Conférence Katia‑Boustany – Société québécoise de droit international (SQDI)

On 15 March 2024, RMC Saint-Jean hosted the Conférence Katia-Boustany of the SQDI in collaboration with Mulry Mondélice (RMC Saint-Jean), lead of the CRITIC International Law and Diplomacy research group. The event featured a lecture by Professor René Provost titled “La justice hors la loi : les contradictions de l’administration de la justice par les groupes armés en zone de conflit”.

Roundtable “Les drones et l’IA dans la guerre en Ukraine : un tournant technologique”

On 27 March 2024, the CRITIC Emerging Technologies Governance research group brought together several specialists—Kateryna Zarembo (Kyiv Mohyla Academy), Gabrielle Veilleux Verreault (Université de Montréal), Chantal Lavallée (RMC Saint-Jean), Simon Hogue (UQAM), Raluca Csernatoni (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), and David Grondin (Université de Montréal)—for the roundtable “Les drones et l’IA dans la guerre en Ukraine : un tournant technologique” held at RMC Saint-Jean.

Roundtable “La géopolitique, le droit international et l’avenir – Le Canada face aux nouvelles orientations de la politique étrangère”

On 27 March 2025, Mulry Mondélice co-lead of the CRITIC Diplomacy and International Law research group, organized and participated in the roundtable “La géopolitique, le droit international et l’avenir – Le Canada face aux nouvelles orientations de la politique étrangère”. The event brought together Professor Élisabeth Vallet (RMC Saint-Jean) and Professors Olivier Delas and Richard Ouellet (École supérieure d’études internationales, Université Laval). It provided an opportunity to discuss Canadian foreign policy in light of the new orientations of U.S. foreign policy, addressing issues such as international economic relations, defence, human rights, international migration, humanitarian action, and cooperation with the European Union and other international actors.

Canadian Undergraduate Security Conference

On 14–15 February 2025, the College hosted the CUSC, co-organized by Professor Sarah-Myriam Martin-Brulé (Bishop’s University), Charles Sharpe and Rosemarie Hamel (RMC Saint-Jean), and a committee of students and officer cadets, in collaboration with the CRITIC.

Built on a partnership between Bishop’s University, RMC Saint Jean, and the Royal Military College of Canada, this event provides undergraduate students from Canadian universities with a platform to present their research, engage with experts, and expand their networks in the field of international security. Discussions focused on four main themes:

1. Cognitive warfare and cybersecurity
2. Intergovernmental security organizations
3. Economic insecurity in the post-COVID era
4. Security and climate change

Lecture “Proportionality under Pressure: The Effects of AI‑Enabled Decision Support Systems, the Reasonable Commander Standard and Human(e) Judgment in Targeting”

On 25 March 2025, Chantal Lavallée, co-lead of the CRITIC Emerging Technologies Governance research group, organized the lecture “Proportionality under Pressure: The Effects of AI-Enabled Decision Support Systems, the Reasonable Commander Standard and Human(e) Judgment in Targeting” delivered by Jessica Dorsey (Utrecht University, Netherlands) at RMC Saint-Jean, with the participation of Simon Hogue (UQAM) and Raluca Csernatoni (Vrije Universiteit Brussel). The event also provided an opportunity to collaborate with the Observatoire des conflits multidimensionnels of the Chaire Raoul-Dandurand at UQAM on 27 March 2025, for Jessica Dorsey’s lecture “Proportionality under Pressure: The Effects of AI on Targeting,” which is available Youtube.

Latest Publications

Bringing together recognized scholars in border studies, Walled delves into the varied manifestations and lived experiences associated with U.S.-Mexico border walls. The introduction by Andréanne Bissonnette and Élisabeth Vallet offers a thorough review of the border walls’ thirty-year history, placing it within a global context. Contributions offer diverse perspectives of the border experience, from state policies and migrant experiences to the daily lives of border residents. Topics such as militarization, migration, artistic resistance, and humanitarian aid are carefully examined. This volume is an essential resource for policymakers, activists, scholars, and anyone seeking to understand the intricate realities of border communities and the far-reaching consequences of border policies.

Bissonnette, A. & Vallet, É. (2025). Walled: Barriers, Migration, and Resistance in the US-Mexico Borderlands. Tucson, University of Arizona Press.

 

At the heart of the polycrisis debate is the struggle to grapple with both the scientific and political uncertainties of the Anthropocene. The struggles over what to do about the polycrisis are thus found at the intersection of science and politics. Alexandre Giguère and Bruno Charbonneau approach the polycrisis as simultaneously a scientific and political challenge. To do so we propose that the polycrisis project adopts the methods of decision-making under deep uncertainty as a way to integrate and encourage collaborations between the scientific and policy worlds.

Charbonneau, B. & A. Giguère (2025). The polycrisis and the uncertainty possibility space. Global Sustainability, 8, e4.

 

 

Under the direction of Martin Geoffroy and Marc Imbeault, this book offers a socio historical portrait of the rise of the far right in Quebec during a pivotal period in its development, namely between 2010 and 2020. The chapters gathered in this volume trace the main actors (La Meute, Storm Alliance, the Soldiers of Odin, sovereign citizens) and the key concepts used in demonstrations and writings produced by the far right in Quebec over the decade from 2010 to 2020. The analyses seek to explain the emergence and evolution of Quebec’s far right, taking into account both Canadian and international contexts. Marc Imbeault is the author of the chapter “Les ambigüités de l’extrême droite et du nationalisme dans l’œuvre de Charles Maurras“.

Martin, G. & M. Imbeault (ed.) (2025). La montée de l’extrême droite au Québec (2010-2020). Quebec, Presses de l’Université Laval.

 

This study, co authored by Gawiyou Danialou, examines the effects of an infusion made from Moringa oleifera leaves—a tropical plant known for its antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties—on physical performance during sustained cycling effort. Thirty four participants completed a 20-km course under controlled conditions, both before and after consuming a moringa infusion. The researchers measured several indicators: the time required to complete the distance, total work output, heart rate, pedalling cadence, as well as physiological data such as blood lactate, perceived exertion, and muscle oxygenation. The results show modest but significant improvements following moringa consumption. Participants pedalled faster, produced slightly more total work, and completed the course in somewhat less time. Their heart rate was also slightly lower for a comparable effort, suggesting improved physiological efficiency. Taken together, these observations indicate that moringa infusion may support endurance and performance during prolonged exercise, while not constituting a major performance enhancer.

Gbedinhessi, D. G. E., St-Pierre, D. H., Comtois, A. S., & G. Danialou (2025). Effects of Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder on Athletic Performance and Cardiorespiratory Responses During an Endurance Test. Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 8 (2), p. 24-34.

 

Anne Caumartin is the author of the chapter “L’esthétique est un problème” in this volume, which examines the various literary forms of Quebec “trash” writing. The collective begins from the following premise: the Quiet Revolution did not directly give rise to trashitude, but it made it possible for it to emerge as an aesthetic option within Quebec’s cultural landscape. National affirmation, a loosening of the strong European cultural hold, and a clearer acceptance of the Americanness of Quebec’s ways of life and socio economic environment accelerated the awareness of a highly distinctive Quebec identity—one that could express itself outside both folklore and the sacrosanct Parisian influence, and instead take shape in a living literature rooted in its own territory and history. If literary trash is understood as an aesthetic category specific to the North American cultural space—one that aligns more closely with its customs and sensibilities—then Quebec first had to recognize itself as a castaway of the colonial adventure, stranded at the edges of the American cultural territory, for a significant part of its reality to be transposed into trashitude.

Caumartin, A. (2025). L’esthétique est un problème. In Les littératures trash du Québec. Quebec, Presses de l’Université Laval, p. 177-190.

 

Élisabeth Vallet is the editor of the special issue of the Journal of Borderlands Studies who explores the evolving role of border walls—both literal and metaphorical—in shaping human interaction, controlling mobility, and projecting power in an era of (de)globalization and pervasive insecurity. Through nine insightful articles, the issue examines the construction, digitization, and symbolic resonance of these borders from a variety of perspectives. She authored the introduction: “Borders of Concrete, Walls of Code: Redefining Fortifications in a Globalized World”.

Vallet, É. (ed.) (2025). Making a Divide: Mapping, Walling and Internalizing Borders and their Apparatus. Journal of Borderlands Studies, 40(4).

 

Analyses of the humanitarian principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence often focus on the principles’ meanings and/or the challenges of applying them in practice. Marina Sharpe’s article, by contrast, steps back to address foundational but somewhat neglected questions about whether these principles can accurately be designated “the” humanitarian principles; about how they came to govern the whole humanitarian sector; about their legal character and normative content; and, more fundamentally, about whether the principles can even have objective character and content. It begins by defining “humanitarian principles” and determining whether and on what basis certain principles constitute “the” humanitarian principles. The article then traces the history of how the principles came to govern the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and diffused from there to non-governmental organizations and the United Nations system. It then analyzes the principles’ legal character and normative content for each of the above-mentioned categories of actor plus States, demonstrating that the principles do not—and, legally, cannot—have fixed legal character and normative content. While humanitarian actors share common understandings of the principles, legally the character and content of each principle flows from its source for the actor in question.

Sharpe, M. (2024). It’s all relative : The origins, legal character and normative content of the humanitarian principles. International Review of the Red Cross, 106 (925), 12 55.

 

How should we think about the security and defence of contemporary Canada? Three decades after the end of the Cold War, Russia’s assault on Ukraine marks the return of large scale warfare to the European continent. A challenge to the international order, a new Cold War, a proxy conflict—labels abound to characterize the war and its consequences. Even though Canada’s support for Ukraine may appear self evident, the conflict nonetheless raises several questions. What sacrifices are Canadians prepared to make for Ukraine’s victory? How can military spending, alliances, environmental protection, northern sovereignty, international trade, human rights, economic and political sanctions be balanced in an interconnected and complex world?

Edited by André Simonyi and Frédérick Côté, the book brings together contributions from several members of the RMC Saint Jean faculty—Yann Breault, Martin Poëti, Mulry Mondélice—and close collaborators such as Simon Hogue, Pierre Jolicoeur, Robert Lummack, and Rémi Landry. In search of answers, they offer avenues for understanding the war in Ukraine and its significance for Canada and the world.

Côté, F. & A. Simonyi (ed.) (2024). Le Canada à l’aune de la guerre en Ukraine. Quebec, Presses de l’Université Laval.

 

If the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerabilities of global value chains, the war in Ukraine has, in turn, highlighted the fragility of our energy supply. Now a major global challenge for contemporary international relations, energy supply lies at the heart of this century’s concerns, at the crossroads of security issues, strategic autonomy, and the environmental imperatives of sustainable development. Tasked with providing both rapid and lasting responses to this growing energy challenge, international trade relations are increasingly shaped by these questions and by their long-term sustainability.

This pursuit of sustainability also raises new challenges linked to the search for rare resources needed to support the ecological transition—challenges that cast uncertainty over the consequences of this transition both in Africa, which has become a key hub for energy issues, and in emerging energy spaces such as the oceans, the poles, and outer space. The volume includes chapters by Mulry Mondélice, Yann Breault (“L’Énergie : une arme ou une faiblesse pour la Russie? ”), and Martin Poëti (“La géopolitique des énergies chinoises”).

Delas, O., Mondélice, M., Bichsel, O., Gomez, C., & Ouellet, R. (ed.) (2024). Défis énergétiques et enjeux géopolitiques contemporains : Perspectives transatlantique et internationale. Bruxelles, Bruylant.

 

In the study “Profession Without a Distinct Science : Reflection on the Professional Requirement for Officers to Hold a University Degree”, Danic Parenteau examines a fundamental question: why do future officers of the armed forces need to receive a university education? In other words, which reasons justify this professional requirement to hold a university degree for candidates to this profession? This fundamental question still deserves attention, despite the broad consensus around the requirement, as this is a condition for recruitment for most Western armed forces, or an integral part of the training and education programme offered to naval and officer cadets attending military academies today. There are seven distinct but somewhat interrelated reasons in support of this professional requirement: complexity of operational theatres or warfare; a new vision of the officer; better-educated officers; the integrated career-long training path for officers; professionals reflecting on their own profession; a mechanism that reinforces the authority and the legitimacy of officers; and for a better understanding of the military-academic complex.

Parenteau, D. (2024). A Profession Without a Distinct Science : Reflection on the Professional Requirement for Officers to Hold a University Degree. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, 52(2), 91-103.

 

This edition of the Canadian Military Journal (Winter 2024) features a special section on climate security, exploring its tactical, operational, and strategic importance to the Canadian Armed Forces. Curated by Bruno Charbonneau, the section includes articles from international authors, examining how military organizations are addressing climate change and its impact on security considerations. The issue also presents guidelines for manuscript submission, emphasizing the journal’s commitment to publishing diverse perspectives relevant to the Canadian defence community. Additionally, contributions from the Dallaire Centre of Excellence for Peace and Security preview a forthcoming special issue on human security.

Charbonneau, B. (ed.) (2024). The era of climate security. Canadian Military Journal, 24 (1).

 

Ideologies lie at the heart of politics. As structuring forces around which power is organized, they serve as conceptual tools to make sense of political reality and to guide action within this sphere. As in previous editions, Danic Parenteau and Ian Parenteau provide an overview of the nine major families of political ideologies: liberalism, conservatism, socialism communism, anarchism, libertarianism, fascism, nationalism, environmentalism, and feminism. To this set, the present edition adds two political currents that have become central in our time: populism and “awakism” (also referred to as “wokism”).

Intended for the general public as well as for political science students, this second edition aims to be both synthetic and comparative. It is synthetic in that it seeks to present the “core ideas” of each ideological family or current. It is comparative in that it places each of these traditions in relation to the others in order to better grasp their distinctiveness while also highlighting their points of convergence. To this end, the book relies on a classic conceptual tool that allows for classification along a common reference axis: the left–right spectrum.

Parenteau, D. & I. Parenteau (2023). Les idéologies politiques, 2^e édition : Le clivage gauche-droite. Quebec, Presses de l’Université du Québec.

 

In certain chains of magnetic matter, the particles cannot all align as they would naturally tend to, creating a situation of “frustration.” When the chain contains an odd number of elements, a particular defect—a soliton—necessarily appears. Christian Boudreau and his colleagues studied this defect and measured the extent to which different parts of the chain remain correlated with one another.

For weak frustration, we observe an algebraic violation of the area law for the entanglement entropy (EE), consistent with recent results on weakly frustrated chains. Our analysis then goes beyond the weak frustration regime, and we obtain a new extensive scaling law for the EE when frustration becomes strong, indicating significant entanglement and the breakdown of the quasiparticle interpretation in this regime. Increasing frustration leads to fewer total correlations, but relatively more non-local correlations.

Boudreault, C., Owerre, S. A., & Paranjape, M. B. (2023). Frustration, solitons, and entanglement in spin chains. Physical Review B, 108 (15), 155107.

 

In November 2022, the European Commission presented its Drone Strategy 2.0 with two main objectives: to build the European Union’s (EU’s) drone service market and to strengthen the Union’s civil, security and defence industry capabilities and synergies. From the Commission’s perspective, accelerating the integration ofdrones in Europe’s airspace has the potential to enable progress on numerous policy objectives, such as the green transition, urban mobility, industrial renewal and cutting-edge R&D in the civil–military domain.

In this commentary, though, Chantal Lavallée and Bruno Oliveira argue that the Strategy is indicative of wider contemporary trends in EU policy-making regarding cross-cutting policy agendas, industry-centred R&D ambitions and the identification and promotion of infrastructural goals enabling further civil–military co-operation. These tendencies capture the growing importance of dual-use technologies, both in society at large and in the security and military domains. This is particularly relevant in the current European context of growing military expenditure with the war in Ukraine.

Lavallée, C., & Martins, B. O. (2023). Reframing civil–military relations in the EU: insights from the Drone Strategy 2.0. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 27 (2), 175 200.

 

Biography, long neglected by historians, has made a strong comeback in recent years. Scholars have come to recognize that embodied narratives of exceptional lives offer an irreplaceable vantage point on the construction and evolution of a society, a nation, a people. This first volume of Figures marquantes de notre histoire is part of that movement. It focuses on women and men who, from New France to the contemporary era, share a common trait: each, in their own way, contributed to building Quebec. Charles-Philippe Courtois offers an illuminating synthesis of his work on the emblematic figure of Lionel Groulx.

Courtois, C.-P. (2023). Lionel Groulx. In É. Bédard & M. Leroux, Figures marquantes de notre histoire, Trois-Pistoles, VLB éditeur, 199 230.

 

Research Collaborations

1. Network for Strategic Analysis
2. Fonds de dotation OSINTPOL
3. Observatoire de l’Eurasie, Centre d’études sur l’intégration et la mondialisation
4. Climate Security Association of Canada
5. Centre FrancoPaix
6. NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence
7. Chaire Jean Monnet en intégration européenne
8. Centre d’expertise et de formation sur les intégrismes religieux
9. Société québécoise de droit international
10. Chaire Raoul-Dandurand en études stratégiques et diplomatiques
11. Institut transdisciplinaire d’information quantique (INTRIQ)
12. International Association of Military Academies
13. Groupe de recherche en histoire de la guerre
14. Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche sur l’enseignement supérieur
15. Centre for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean
16. Centre for Refugee Studies
17. Borders In Globalization
18. Refugee Law Initiative
19. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee’s Global Academic Interdisciplinary Network
20. Peace Research Institute Olso
21. International Society of Military Sciences
22. Forum de Défense et de Stratégie
23. Paris Human Rights Center
24. Institut de Recherche Stratégique de l’École Militaire

 

Yann Breault, Bruno Charbonneau and Chantal Lavallée

Network for Strategic Analysis (NSA)

Yann Breault, Bruno Charbonneau and Chantal Lavallée are members of the NSA, an initiative stemming from the Department of National Defence’s Mobilizing Insights in Defence and Security (MINDS) program.

 

Yann Breault

OSINPOL

Yann Breault is an active member of OSINTPOL (Open Source Intelligence on Politics), an independent think tank bringing together a group of experts with a particular interest in international relations as they relate to security, defence and geopolitical issues. He is also a founding member and co-president of the Observatoire de l’Eurasie (ODE) whose mission is to examine the rise of a new centre of influence in the international system.

 

Bruno Charbonneau

Climate Security Association of Canada

The Climate Security Association of Canada (CSAC) counts on the work of its founding president, Bruno Charbonneau, —who serves as head of the group of academics working on climate security issues in Canada (2022)—to contribute to formulating collaborative responses to climate change and climate (in)security issues based on sound science, communication and the exchange of results between policy-makers, practitioners and academics.

 

Bruno Charbonneau

Centre FrancoPaix

Bruno Charbonneau is a founding member and director of the Centre FrancoPaix en résolution des conflits et missions de paix, a centre affiliated with the Raoul-Dandurand Chair at UQAM. The centre’s central aim is to participate in the efforts and strategic objectives of the International Organization of La Francophonie (OIF) in conflict prevention and management.

 

Bruno Charbonneau

NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence

Bruno Charbonneau is Senior Scientific Advisor at NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence.

 

Mulry Mondélice

Chaire Jean Monnet en intégration européenne

Mulry Mondélice is a research associate with Université Laval’s Chaire Jean Monnet en intégration européenne which aims to develop teaching, training and research on European integration in the field of international and European law. He is recognized for his work on international human rights mechanisms and international action to build and strengthen the rule of law.

 

Marc Imbeault

CEFIR

Marc Imbeault provides the Centre of Expertise and Training on Religious Fundamentalism (CEFIR) with knowhow on political and ethical issues, with a particular focus on counter-terrorism, naval strategy and command.

 

Mulry Mondélice

Société québécoise de droit international

As a member of the board of directors, Mulry Mondélice is involved with the Société québécoise de droit international with the aim of encouraging the promotion and dissemination of international law within the wider community of Quebec internationalists. The society is committed to the objectives of the Charter of the United Nations.

 

Élisabeth Vallet

Raoul-Dandurand Chair

Élisabeth Vallet is very active with the Raoul-Dandurand Chair in Strategic and Diplomatic Studies at UQAM, where she acts as director of the Observatoire de géopolitique, the fruit of a partnership between the Raoul-Dandurand Chair and UQAM’s geography department since 2006.

 

Christian Boudreault

Institut Transdisciplinaire d’Information Quantique (INTRIQ)

Christian Boudreault is an associate member of the Institut Transdisciplinaire d’Information Quantique (INTRIQ) in the Département de Génie physique at Polytechnique Montréal.

 

RMC Saint-Jean

International Association of Military Academies

The Royal Military College Saint-Jean is a founding member of the International Association of Military Academies which brings together 19 military academies from around the world. Ian Parenteau has served as its secretary since its creation in 2017 at RMC Saint-Jean during the 5th International Symposium on the Development of Military Academies, an event aimed at promoting the sharing of knowledge and expertise in training and education among members military academies.

 

Roch Legault

Groupe de recherche en histoire de la guerre

Roch Legault is a member of the Groupe de recherche sur l’histoire de la guerre, whose objective is to explore different aspects of society through the lens of war.

 

Roch Legault

LIRES

Roch Legault is a visiting member of the Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche sur l’enseignement supérieur at the Université de Montréal.

 

Mulry Mondélice

York University

Le Mulry Mondélice is a research associate at the Centre for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean as well as at the Centre for Refugee Studies at York University.

 

Élisabeth Vallet

Borders in Globalization

Élisabeth Vallet is an academic member and research director for the Quebec branch of the Borders in Globalization group, an international network of political actors and academic researchers dealing with various border-related issues. She contributes to this network through her expertise on governance issues related to borders in a context of globalization and governance.

 

Marina Sharpe

Refugee Law Initiative

Marina Sharpe is a researcher at the Refugee Law Initiative, a British academic centre focusing on international refugee law. The centre benefits from Marina Sharpe’s expertise on issues concerning refugee law and humanitarian interventionism.

 

Marina Sharpe

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’s Global Academic Interdisciplinary Network

Marina Sharpe is a senior legal officer with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ (UNHCR) Global Academic Interdisciplinary Network.

 

Chantal Lavallée

PRIO

Chantal Lavallée is a senior researcher at the Peace Research Institute Olso (PRIO) and a member of the RegulAIR project (2021–2024).

 

RMC Saint-Jean

International Society of Military Sciences

The Royal Military College Saint-Jean is a member of the International Society of Military Sciences (ISMS), which brings together the Austrian National Defence Academy, the Royal Military College of Canada, the Royal Danish Defence College, the Finnish National Defence University, the Netherlands Defence Academy, the Norwegian Defence University College, the Swedish Defence University, and the Baltic Defence College. Established in October 2008, the Society is dedicated to promoting research and academic education in the field of military arts and sciences in the broadest sense.

 

Chantal Lavallée

Forum de Défense et de Stratégie

Le Chantal Lavallée took part in the 2024 edition of the Programme Personnalités d’Avenir France-Canada sur les enjeux de Défense et de Diplomatie.

 

Mulry Mondélice

Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Research Centre

Mulry Mondélice is an associate researcher at the Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Research Centre at Université Paris II.

 

Chantal Lavallée

Institut de recherche stratégique de l’École militaire

Chantal Lavallée contributes to RMC Saint-Jean’s international reputation as an associate researcher with France’s Institut de recherche stratégique de l’École militaire (IRSEM) within the Direction Armement et économie de défense.

 

Knowledge Dissemination and Engagement

RMC Saint-Jean demonstrated strong leadership during the 2023–2025 period by organizing a series of activities aimed at showcasing research, in collaboration with partners from the higher-education sector and the broader community. Fostering a research culture was at the heart of our efforts throughout this period.

Beginning of work toward a Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)

The College hosted an initial workshop—at the invitation of NexDev | Développement économique Haut Richelieu, d’InnoSécur and the Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)—to contribute to the creation of a Joint Research Unit (UMR) on security issues in a climate affected context, on 20 September 2023.

Inter-order and industry-based, the UMR will bring together researchers from INRS, the College, the École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), the Centre de recherche et d’innovation en sécurité civile (Centre RISC), the Groupe CTT and Cégep Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, as well as representatives from companies and economic development organizations. Stimulating social and technological innovation in the fields of civil, public, and defence security will be at the core of this future research hub. Initiated by Danic Parenteau, the College joined the project, which has continued thanks to the collaboration of the current Dean of Research, Anne Caumartin, since January 2024.

75^th Annual Congress of the Institut d’histoire de l’Amérique française

On 19, 20, and 21 October 2023 the College hosted the 75^th Congress of the Institut d’histoire de l’Amérique française. The 200 participants examined the fundamental interactions between power and memory by exploring the relationships among groups shaped by the history of the French Americas, whether in colonial or postcolonial contexts. Three members of the College’s faculty—Charles-Philippe Courtois, Mourad Djebabla and Béatrice Richard—served on the scientific committee, supported by Rosemarie Hamel and Officer Cadet Jasmine Bertrand. The event benefited from the support of numerous partners: the Musée du Fort Saint-Jean, the Centre interuniversitaire d’études québécoises (CIEQ), the Chaire pour le développement de la recherche sur la culture d’expression française en Amérique du Nord de l’Université Laval, Archipel, the Groupe de recherche en patrimoine de l’Université du Québec à Rimouski et Coopsco Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu bookstore.

Conference “Des usages pédagogiques des jeux vidéo Assassin’s Creed” and Virtual Reality Demonstration

David Boulanger (M.A.) and François Martel (M.A.) (Non-Commissioned Member Leadership College) organized a lecture by Prof. Marc André Éthier (Université de Montréal) and his team entitled “Des usages pédagogiques des jeux vidéo Assassin’s Creed”. The event included a demonstration and hands on trial of Assassin’s Creed Nexus using virtual reality headsets and various gaming platforms.

Leadersphere 2024 Conference “Regional and Global Impacts of the War in Ukraine”

Jointly organized by Professors Yann Breault, Sébastien Hinse and André Simonyi, together with the College’s teams (Operations, Public Affairs Officer, and Research Office), the 2024 edition—held under the theme “Regional and Global Impacts of the War in Ukraine”—contributed to ongoing reflection by enriching debates on the challenges facing the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces in an international environment marked by uncertainty and constant change.

C3 Eurasia Symposium – What Role for Iran in the Eurasian Grand Chessboard?

On 28 February 2024, the C3 Eurasia research group (Royal Military College of Canada, Canadian Forces College, and Royal Military College Saint Jean) held its annual event at RMC Saint-Jean. Organized by Yann Breault (RMC Saint-Jean), the international symposium brought together speakers from several countries, including Canada, Belgium, the United States, and France.

“Brown Bag Lunch” Talk Series

The Office of Research launched a series of lunchtime talks designed to create an informal space for discussion around ongoing research projects. At midday, faculty members presented their work, followed by open exchanges with the College community. Held in the library, these sessions fostered idea sharing and the development of new collaborations:

• Anne Carmartin, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences (DHSS) – “Indice des feux d’Antoine Desjardins : l’institutionnalisation de la littérature climatique”, 17 January 2024.
• François Martel, Professional Military Education Department – “Réalité virtuelle et intelligence artificielle générative en immersion vidéoludique”, 30 January 2024.
• Christian Boudreault, Department of Natural Sciences (DSN) – “L’apprentissage automatique quantique”, 13 February 2024.
• Guy Bucumi (DHSS) – “L’objection de conscience en temps de guerre”, 12 April 2024.
• Alexandre Giguère (DSN) – “Utilisation de l’IA pour la découverte de molécules et la gestion de l’incertitude en sécurité climatique”, 17 October 2024.

• Edwin Parrado Mora (Language Department) – “Représentations sociales de la culture et de son enseignement chez les professeurs d’espagnol langue étrangère au Canada”, 29 October 2024.
• Danic Parenteau (DHSS) – “Quelle place pour la pensée critique dans la formation des officiers dans les collèges militaires?”, 4 December 2024.
• Mounia Ait Kabboura (DHSS) – “Sayyid Qutb. L’architecte de l’islamisme radical”, 30 October 2025.
• Laurence Piché (DSN) – “La chimie des polymères appliquée à une nouvelle génération de batteries lithium métallique – polymère de haute énergie”, 26 November 2025.

Lunchtime Lecture “ Harris contre Trump, l’élection qui pourrait changer le monde”

On 16 September 2024, Élisabeth Vallet delivered a lecture on the U.S. presidential elections. She presented the electoral system and the key features of the party system. Her talk highlighted the historic nature of this election, marked by heightened political polarization and deep institutional tensions, raising major issues for American democracy and its influence on the order.

Lecture “Quels impacts pour les élections présidentielles américaines? On répond à vos questions !”

The College community gathered on 5 November 2024—Election Day in the United States—for the event “Quels impacts sur les élections présidentielles américaines?”. Professors Yann Breault, Lieutenant-Commander Martin Poëti and Élisabeth Vallet took part in an open Q&A session, engaging with students’ many questions about current issues related to the election. A total of 150 people attended the discussion, including naval and officer cadets, civilian and military staff members, as well as residents of the city of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu.

Roundtable “Gouvernance des universités de petite taille : partage d’expérience”

On 11 February 2025, the Senate Governance Committee brought together members of the senior leadership team to reflect on governance practices suited to the realities of small universities. Anne Caumartin, Dean of Research at the College, moderated the discussion between Rachel Chagnon, Dean of the Faculty of Political Science and Law at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM); Hugo Cyr, Director General of the École nationale d’administration publique (ÉNAP); and Kerry Hull, Dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at Bishop’s University. The roundtable provided an opportunity to share management experiences in contexts of growth and transformation, with a focus on agile, collaborative, and inclusive approaches.

Leadersphere 2025 Conférence “Turbulence: Canada in the midst of the climate crisis”

Flagship Annual Conference of the Royal Military College Saint-Jean, Leadersphere addresses the challenges facing Canadian leadership in the international environment, drawing on faculty research and practitioner expertise in contemporary international affairs. Through dialogue, knowledge sharing, and knowledge transfer, the event helps disseminate insights for the benefit of naval and officer cadets, as well as the broader public.

Faced with rapid climate change, Canada confronts an unprecedented challenge: how can it ensure national security in a world where environmental upheavals are reshaping power dynamics, altering access to resources, and amplifying natural disasters? By 2060, these transformations will require integrated security strategies capable of anticipating and mitigating growing threats. To address these issues, the 2025 Leadersphère Conference brought together experts from the scientific, academic, military, and governmental sectors on 25 February for three strategic panels:

• Preparing Canada for the consequences of climate changes
• Preparing Canada’s Defence Team for 2060
• NATO in the era of climate change

In addition to keynote speaker Anne Shibata Casselman, a journalist specializing in science communication and environmental issues, Major-General Simon Bernard, Deputy Commander of the Canadian Joint Forces Command and former Commander of RMC Saint-Jean; Brigadier-General Dan Rivière, Commander of Joint Task Force North; and Mathieu Bussières, Director of the NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence (CCASCOE), also took the floor.

Jointly organized by Prof. Alexandre Giguère (RMC Saint-Jean) and the CCASCOE, the event stems from a collaboration between RMC Saint-Jean and CCASCOE, launched in 2024 in Montréal. As an international Centre of expertise, CCASCOE supports civilian and military specialists in developing strategies to address security challenges related to climate change. RMC Saint-Jean is proud to strengthen this partnership to advance research and contribute to discussions on climate security.

Our Experts in the Media

Faculty members at RMC Saint-Jean are regularly called upon by media outlets in Canada and abroad to share their expertise. Responsive to global and strategic issues, they provide informed analysis of current events. Between 2023 and 2025, the war in Ukraine, the crisis in Haiti, the commemorations of the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Dieppe and the Battle of Normandy, the war in Gaza, and the U.S. presidential elections particularly highlighted their expertise.

RMC Saint-Jean extends its sincere thanks to them for their contribution to enhancing the visibility and impact of academic research within civil society.

ICI Radio-Canada - Le Téléjournal | Mort d’Alexeï Navalny: Interview with Guillaume Sauvé and Yann Breault, 16 February 2024.

France 24 - France Médias Monde | Le Canada renforce la sécurité à ses frontières sous la pression croissante des États-Unis : Report Featuring Élisabeth Vallet, 3 March 2025.

CBC Radio | What the coup in Niger could mean for Canada : Interview with Bruno Charbonneau, 7 August 2023.

La Presse+ | Frappe meurtrière sur un hôpital de Gaza. Quel impact sur la suite du conflit ? : Interview with Marc Imbeault, 18 October 2023.

U. Laval nouvelles | La Rencontre Université-Défense dans un contexte géopolitique de plus en plus instable. La puissance navale et le multidomaine : Featuring Martin Poëti, 26 March 2025.

ICI Radio-Canada télé | Quand Trump fait trembler le Canada: Featuring Élisabeth Vallet, Tout le monde en parle, 2 December 2024.

La Presse | Les kidnappings en Haïti, le contexte sécuritaire du pays et la perspective d’une force d’intervention multinationale en Haïti : Interview with Mulry Mondélice, 8 August 2023.

The Globe and Mail | International Court of Justice ruling on Gaza sparks clashing views as United Nations Security Council prepares to meet: Interview with Marina Sharpe, 28 January 2024.

Le Devoir | L’écran américain comme lieu de mémoire du 80e anniversaire du débarquement de Normandie : Interview with Béatrice Richard, 3 June 2024.

ICI Radio-Canada Première | L’évolution des drones, à l’origine militaire : Interview with Chantal Lavallée, 12 September 2024.

ICI Radio-Canada Première | Penser la sécurité et la défense dans un monde en émergence, Le Canada à l’aune de la guerre en Ukraine : Interview with Frédérick Côté and André Simonyi, 7 February 2024.

Les Affaires | Les changements climatiques changeront les relations étatiques : interview with Bruno Charbonneau, 26 April 2023.

Scientific Community, Teams, and Governance

The Humanities and Social Sciences Department

The Humanities and Social Sciences Department provides training on two levels. On the one hand, it provides officer cadets with the range of humanities and literature courses essential to their training, not only in terms of obtaining a college diploma or the necessary prerequisites for university studies at Royal Military College Saint-Jean or the Royal Military College of Canada, but also with a view to making them future officers with an excellent general knowledge. Emphasis is also placed on the mastery of oral and written expression. On the other hand, the certificate and bachelor programs in International Studies focus on the study of dynamic relationships involving states, international organizations and non-state actors on the world stage. They provide students with a general education that enables them to develop critical thinking skills in the analysis of major contemporary challenges and issues in several fields. In particular, the bachelor’s program draws on a variety of disciplines including political science, law, history, geography, literature, psychology, communication, foreign languages and other areas of cultural studies. In addition to teaching, the department’s professors develop teaching materials and organize various activities of a cultural or scientific nature.

The research carried out by the department’s professors remains particularly exciting. The professors contribute to the College’s reputation by playing an active role in university research in the following areas:

This research, published in the form of books and articles from prestigious publishing houses and scientific journals, and presented at congresses, symposia and conferences in Canada and abroad, contributes to the reputation of our professors and our institution, while some of our professors’ projects are funded by granting agencies. Some of our experts are also consulted or invited to comment on international news in the media, thus contributing to the definition of public policy and public information.

The Centre for Security and Crisis Governance (CRITIC) is an important part of all of this. CRITIC organizes conferences, either on its own or in collaboration with the department or professors within it, contributing to the link between teaching and research.

Professors in the Humanities and Social Sciences Department have also organized several activities hosted at RMC Saint-Jean, including a symposium on extremism in the armed forces, and the second Canadian Undergraduate Security Conference.

André Simonyi, Department Head (2025- )
Marie Parent, Deputy Department Head (2024- )
Mélissa Lévesque, Deputy Department Head (2025-)
Luke Dilworth, Department Head (2023-2025)

Faculty

• André Simonyi, Department Head
• Dennis Bellamy
• Alain Biage
• Andréanne Bissonnette
• Maud Boisnard
• Mathilde Bourgeon
• Yann Breault
• Guy Bucumi
• Sébastien Campagna
• Anne Caumartin
• Bruno Charbonneau
• Myriam Circé
• Frédéric Côté
• Charles‑Philippe Courtois
• Geneviève Denis
• Catherine Déri
• Luke Dilworth
• Hugo Duteau
• Nesrine Fazez
• Danny Gagné
• Annick Girard
• Marc‑Olivier Goyette‑Côté
• Marc Imbeault
• Chantal Lavallée
• Roch Legault
• Mélissa Lévesque
• Derrick Martens
• Mulry Mondélice
• Marie Parent
• Danic Parenteau
• Ian Parenteau
• Martin Poëti
• Mélanie Provost
• Josée Provençal
• Béatrice Richard
• Marina Sharpe
• Charles Sharpe
• Zein Shweiry
• Manon Turgeon
• Julien Tourreille
• Élisabeth Vallet
• Mario Zarza

Science Department

The Science Department’s vibrancy and renown are upheld by its active contribution to high-level scientific and academic circles. At the heart of its research ambitions, modelling represents a strategic pillar, encompassing a wide range of advanced technical expertise. This includes specializations in fields such as energy- system modelling, nanoelectronics, quantum computation, and biophysics. In parallel, the department also contributes to physiology research projects, notably those focused on accelerating muscle regeneration and gene therapy strategies, as well as to research on emerging technologies for next-generation all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.

The pedagogical excellence of the faculty is evident in the quality of their teaching and the organization of a variety of events that enrich the scientific culture of officer cadets. These include lectures organized by the math and science club, science days and projects that integrate and consolidate students acquired knowledge and broaden their scientific horizons within a rigorous and exhaustive academic curriculum. The department is also developing a new university program combining climate science with security and geopolitics. This ambitious project aims to tie in with the efforts of the federal government and NATO to make the region a centre of excellence in climate security.

Laurence Piché, Department Head (2025- )
Frédéric Jetzer, Department Head (2024-2025)
Alexandre Giguère, Department Head (2020-2024)

Faculty

• Laurence Piché, Department Head
• Alexandre Giguère
• Christian Boudreault
• Gawiyou Danialou
• Audrey Guérard
• Frédéric Jetzer
• Rodrigue Kéou
• Denis Lavigne
• Josyane Lazure
• Philip Rempel

Language Department

The Language Department at RMC Saint-Jean develops and offers courses in French and English as second languages, as well as courses in Spanish as a foreign language. Most courses are at college level, while others are intended for university level students. The college level courses are accredited by Québec’s Ministry of Education and Higher Education and are required for the completion of a Diploma of College Studies. Five elective Spanish as-a-foreign-language courses are offered to students in the Bachelor of Arts in International Studies.

For second language courses, officer cadets take a placement test before the start of the academic year and are then assigned to a level ranging from beginner to advanced. The primary objective of these courses is to improve students’ communicative competence and help them achieve their bilingualism profile. More broadly, language courses aim to foster openness to the world and to enable future CAF officers to communicate effectively.

These educational and cultural activities reflect the Department of Language’s ongoing commitment to providing a dynamic, rich, and diversified learning experience, closely connected to the cultural and professional realities that future officers will encounter.

Krystel Boucher, Department Head (2025- )
Margaret Wells, Department Head (2022-2025)

Faculty

• Krystel Boucher, Department Head
• Anne Danford Dussault
• Isabelle Lépine
• Edwin J. Parrado Mora
• Augusta Valevicius
• Margaret Wells

Professional Military Education Department

Since 2003, the instructors from the Professional military education department (DPME) have contributed to the professional development of Non Commissioned Members (NCMs) of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). In January 2024, the DPME—previously under the authority of the Royal Military College Saint Jean—was transferred to the Chief Warrant Officer Robert Osside Institute for the Profession of Arms (Robert-Osside Institute), to which it has been providing instructors since 2015.

On 8 October 2025, during the Canadian Armed Forces Chief Warrant Officer Conference, General Carignan, Chief of the Defence Staff, and Chief Warrant Officer McCann, CAF Command Chief Warrant Officer, signed the charter formalizing the independence of the Osside Institute, now officially recognized as the Non-Commissioned Member Leadership College (NCMLC).

The NCMLC offers four professional development programs: the Intermediate Leadership Program (ILP), leading to promotion to warrant officer/petty officer first class; the Advanced Leadership Program (ALP), leading to promotion to master warrant officer/chief petty officer second class; the Senior Leadership Program (SLP), leading to promotion to chief warrant officer/chief petty officer first class; and the Senior Appointments Program (SAP), which enables chief warrant officers/chief petty officers first class to access senior appointments. DPME members teach all distance-learning courses and play an active role in the residential components of NCMLC programs, working closely with its military directing instructor staff.

Since summer 2025, the DPME has expanded significantly with the hiring of five new instructors (indeterminate public service positions). Originally composed exclusively of historians and political scientists, the department’s research interests centred on Canadian military history and International Relations. The addition of new instructors has broadened the department’s areas of specialization to include anthropology, communication, philosophy, sociology, and psychology. Through lectures organized by its instructors—either at the NCMLC or within CAF headquarters and units—and through participation in international conferences, the DPME contributes to advancing discussions on leadership and the key issues facing NCMs in the 21^st century within the CAF and, more broadly, within NATO.

By developing course material and working closely with their unique clientele, DPME instructors have built a recognized and distinctive expertise in their primary field: the profession of arms, and more specifically, the professional development of Non Commissioned Members. Overthe years, they have become authoritative voices on these matters, and the CAF regularly consults them when needed. As a result, they are actively involved in various strategic discussions on the direction of NCM professional development programs and on the future of the profession of arms in Canada.

Mourad Djebabla, Department Head (2021-)

Faculty

• Mourad Djebabla, Department Head
• Manisha Patel, Deputy Department Head
• Marc-André Bergeron
• Éric Bégin
• David Boulanger
• Benoit Boutet
• Alexandre Bradette
• Sébastien Campagna
• Francis Clermont
• Stéphane Gaskin
• Marc-Olivier Goyette-Côté
• Sébastien Hinse
• Philippe Langlois
• Marie-Hélène Leclerc
• Robert Lummack
• François Martel
• Robyn Penney
• André Séguin
• Lisa Tanguay
• Mélanie Turcotte

Leadership Teams

Academic Wing

Research Ethics Board

• Mourad Djebabla, Chair, Non-Commissioned Member Leadership College
• Martin Poëti, Vice-Chair, RMC Saint-Jean
• Augusta Valevicius, Faculty Member, RMC Saint-Jean
• Edwin Javier Parrado Mora, Faculty Member, RMC Saint-Jean
• Guy Bucumi, Faculty Member, Université de Sherbrooke and RMC Saint-Jean
• Rodrigue Keou, Faculty Member, RMC Saint-Jean
• Lieutenant Sana Mesbahi, Coordination officer

Research and Graduate Studies Committee

• Anne Caumartin, Chair
• Christian Boudreault, Faculty Member
• Chantal Lavallée, Member and Director of CRITIC
• Marina Sharpe, Faculty Member
• Rodrigue Keou, Faculty Member
• Elyse Guay, Member and Director of the Research Office
• Edwin Javier Parrado Mora, Faculty Member
• François Martel, Member, Non-Commissioned Member Leadership College
• Lieutenant Sana Mesbahi, Coordination officer

Senate Committee on Governance

• Anne Caumartin, Chair
• Yann Breault, Non-Commissioned Member Leadership College
• Lieutenant colonel René Poulin, Member and Director of Cadet Wing
• Yves Trottier, Member and Secretary General
• Ndeye Dieynaba Ndiaye, External Member, Université du Québec à Montréal
• Lieutenant Sana Mesbahi, Coordination officer

Academic Freedom Committee

• Anne Caumartin, Chair
• Christian Boudreault, Faculty Member
• Béatrice Richard, Faculty Member
• Manon Turgeon, Faculty Member
• Marie-Louise Bolduc, Member of the Pedagogical Expertise Cell Cellule and EDI Committee Representative
• Mme Marie Hébert, Reference Librarian
• Officer Cadet Ali Lasheen, Student Member
• Lieutenant Sana Mesbahi, Coordination officer

Our Partners

 

Date modified:

2026-09-25